Carfilzomib significantly improves the progression-free survival of high-risk patients in multiple myeloma.

TitleCarfilzomib significantly improves the progression-free survival of high-risk patients in multiple myeloma.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsAvet-Loiseau H, Fonseca R, Siegel D, Dimopoulos MA, Spicka I, Masszi T, Hajek R, RosiƱol L, Goranova-Marinova V, Mihaylov G, Maisnar V, Mateos M-V, Wang M, Niesvizky R, Oriol A, Jakubowiak A, Minarik J, Palumbo A, Bensinger W, Kukreti V, Ben-Yehuda D, A Stewart K, Obreja M, Moreau P
JournalBlood
Volume128
Issue9
Pagination1174-80
Date Published2016 09 01
ISSN1528-0020
KeywordsAdolescent, Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Dexamethasone, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Myeloma, Oligopeptides, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Thalidomide
Abstract

The presence of certain high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities, such as translocations (4;14) and (14;16) and deletion (17p), are known to have a negative impact on survival in multiple myeloma (MM). The phase 3 study ASPIRE (N = 792) demonstrated that progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly improved with carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (KRd), compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) in relapsed MM. This preplanned subgroup analysis of ASPIRE was conducted to evaluate KRd vs Rd by baseline cytogenetics according to fluorescence in situ hybridization. Of 417 patients with known cytogenetic risk status, 100 patients (24%) were categorized with high-risk cytogenetics (KRd, n = 48; Rd, n = 52) and 317 (76%) were categorized with standard-risk cytogenetics (KRd, n = 147; Rd, n = 170). For patients with high-risk cytogenetics, treatment with KRd resulted in a median PFS of 23.1 months, a 9-month improvement relative to treatment with Rd. For patients with standard-risk cytogenetics, treatment with KRd led to a 10-month improvement in median PFS vs Rd. The overall response rates for KRd vs Rd were 79.2% vs 59.6% (high-risk cytogenetics) and 91.2% vs 73.5% (standard-risk cytogenetics); approximately fivefold as many patients with high- or standard-risk cytogenetics achieved a complete response or better with KRd vs Rd (29.2% vs 5.8% and 38.1% vs 6.5%, respectively). KRd improved but did not abrogate the poor prognosis associated with high-risk cytogenetics. This regimen had a favorable benefit-risk profile in patients with relapsed MM, irrespective of cytogenetic risk status, and should be considered a standard of care in these patients. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01080391.

DOI10.1182/blood-2016-03-707596
Alternate JournalBlood
PubMed ID27439911
PubMed Central IDPMC5009511
Grant ListP50 CA186781 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States